CarGurus Logo Homepage Link
  • Buy
    • Used cars
    • New cars
    • Certified pre-owned
    • Start your purchase online
    • Dealerships near me
  • Sell
    • Sell my car
    • Sell my car FAQs
  • Finance
    • Prequalify for financing
    • How does it work?
    • Financing FAQs
  • Research
    • Test drive reviews
    • Price trends
    • Tips & advice
    • Electric cars
    • Compare cars
  • Discover
    The latest way to shop:
    smarter research, better
    listings.
  • Saved cars & searches
  • Sign in / Register
    • My account
    • Saved searches
    • Saved cars
    • Recommended cars
    • Browsing history
    • Financing dashboard
      • United States (EN)
      • Estados Unidos (ES)
      • Canada (EN)
      • Canada (FR)
      • United Kingdom

Used Kia Telluride for Sale near Chicago, IL

211 results
Chicago, IL
2022 Kia Telluride EX AWD Laurel BMW of Westmont

2022 Kia Telluride

EX AWD

28,649 miles

$32,503

Good Deal
Westmont, IL
18 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Dark Moss
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
28,649
Stock number:
NG275715
VIN:
5XYP3DHC3NG275715

Sponsored

2022 Kia Telluride SX AWD

2022 Kia Telluride

SX AWD

56,030 miles

$32,990

Fair Deal
Streamwood, IL
32 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Silver
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
56,030
Stock number:
67022A
VIN:
5XYP5DHC1NG269020

Sponsored

2021 Kia Telluride EX AWD

2021 Kia Telluride

EX AWD

91,062 miles

$22,595

Good Deal
Naperville, IL
30 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Ebony Black
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
91,062
Stock number:
J2051
VIN:
5XYP3DHC2MG156701

Sponsored

2021 Kia Telluride SX AWD

2021 Kia Telluride

SX AWD

88,249 miles

$23,988

Good Deal
Palatine, IL
27 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Wolf Gray
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
88,249
Stock number:
K19231A
VIN:
5XYP5DHC5MG155519

2022 Kia Telluride SX AWD

2022 Kia Telluride

SX AWD

39,835 miles

$32,777

Great Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Naperville, IL
30 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Ebony Black
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
39,835
Stock number:
66822A
VIN:
5XYP5DHC6NG297637

2020 Kia Telluride EX FWD

2020 Kia Telluride

EX FWD

119,363 miles

$15,399

Great Deal
Tinley Park, IL
22 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Everlasting Silver
Combined gas mileage:
23 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
119,363
Stock number:
LG024867
VIN:
5XYP34HC3LG024867

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Kia Telluride

LX FWD

40,607 miles

$27,777

Good Deal
Naperville, IL
30 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Gravity Gray
Combined gas mileage:
23 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
40,607
Stock number:
T8791
VIN:
5XYP24GC6PG377095

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2020 Kia Telluride

LX AWD

66,929 miles

$20,969

Fair Deal
Waukegan, IL
36 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Snow White Pearl
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
66,929
Stock number:
K19019A
VIN:
5XYP2DHC8LG080404

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Kia Telluride

SX AWD

32,970 miles

$33,400

Great Deal
Highland, IN
25 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Ebony Black
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
32,970
Stock number:
066468AT
VIN:
5XYP5DHC0NG317543

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2020 Kia Telluride

SX Limited AWD

76,556 miles

$25,904

Good Deal
Joliet, IL
36 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Ebony Black
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
76,556
Stock number:
F4802
VIN:
5XYP5DHC9LG005413

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Kia Telluride

S AWD

37,539 miles

$29,472

Good Deal
Bolingbrook, IL
27 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Glacial White Pearl
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
37,539
Stock number:
P15800
VIN:
5XYP6DHC0NG311223

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Kia Telluride

EX AWD

67,018 miles

$25,910

Good Deal
Countryside, IL
14 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Snow White Pearl
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
67,018
Stock number:
CM100231A
VIN:
5XYP3DHC4MG113199

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Kia Telluride

SX AWD

82,298 miles

$26,499

Great Deal
Orland Hills, IL
22 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Red (Sangria)
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
82,298
Stock number:
NG263636
VIN:
5XYP5DHCXNG263636

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Kia Telluride

LX AWD

41,418 miles

$25,787

Great Deal
Lindenhurst, IL
41 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Gravity Gray
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
41,418
Stock number:
P6308
VIN:
5XYP2DHC3NG311468

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Kia Telluride

SX X-Line AWD

24,020 miles

$39,990

Good Deal
Northfield, IL
18 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Gravity Gray
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
24,020
Stock number:
P12053A
VIN:
5XYP5DGC0RG515658

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Kia Telluride

SX-Prestige X-Line AWD

25,459 miles

$38,495

Good Deal
McHenry, IL
45 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Ebony Black
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
25,459
Stock number:
MK260094A
VIN:
5XYP5DGC5PG328476

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Kia Telluride

EX AWD

91,062 miles

$22,595

Good Deal
Naperville, IL
30 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Ebony Black
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
91,062
Stock number:
J2051
VIN:
5XYP3DHC2MG156701

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Kia Telluride

SX-Prestige X-Line AWD

28,672 miles

$39,990

Great Deal
Merrillville, IN
31 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Wolf Gray
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
28,672
Stock number:
LM05651
VIN:
5XYP5DGC2RG483361

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Kia Telluride

EX X-Line AWD

10,506 miles

$37,796

Great Deal
McHenry, IL
45 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Glacial White Pearl
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
10,506
Stock number:
MKK316
VIN:
5XYP3DGC6RG438980

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Kia Telluride

EX AWD

23,733 miles

$34,800

Great Deal
Elmhurst, IL
16 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Dawning Red
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
23,733
Stock number:
P12006
VIN:
5XYP3DGC5PG341069

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Kia Telluride

SX-Prestige X-Line AWD

17,901 miles

$44,147

Good Deal
Store transfer to Oak Lawn, IL
317 mi away • Price includes $149 shipping Price includes $149 shipping
Year:
2024
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Blue
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
17,901
Stock number:
27579507
VIN:
5XYP5DGCXRG416863

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Kia Telluride

SX AWD

28,743 miles

$37,347

Fair Deal
Store transfer to Oak Lawn, IL
590 mi away • Price includes $349 shipping Price includes $349 shipping
Year:
2022
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Green
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Brown
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
28,743
Stock number:
27706476
VIN:
5XYP5DHC1NG308608

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Kia Telluride

SX AWD

54,406 miles

$33,988

Fair Deal
Palatine, IL
27 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Kia
Model:
Telluride
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
291 hp 3.8L V6
Exterior color:
Glacial White Pearl
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
54,406
Stock number:
K19044A
VIN:
5XYP5DGC5PG408375

Sponsored

  1. Home
  2. / Used Cars
  3. / Kia Telluride
  4. / Illinois
  5. / Chicago
Overview
Reviews
FAQs

About the Kia Telluride

Picture of Kia Telluride

About the Kia Telluride

Kia’s two attempts at rugged midsize three-row SUV couldn’t have turned out more differently. The Borrego was a total flop, while the Telluride has become one of Kia’s biggest successes. Introduced for the 2020 model year, the Telluride as enjoyed strong sales and critical praise ever since. It’s Kia’s flagship SUV, sitting above the Sorento in the lineup.

What are the advantages of the Kia Telluride?

  • Stylish design
  • Comfortable
  • Impressive technology

What is the best Kia Telluride model year?

The Telluride has only been on sale for a few years and hasn’t been redesigned during that period. So there isn’t much of a difference between Telluride model years. A larger 12.3-inch panoramic screen and more rugged X-Line and X-Pro trim levels were added for the 2023 model year.

What are the disadvantages of the Kia Telluride?

  • Some interior materials feel cheap

Comparison: Is the Kia Telluride better than the Hyundai Palisade?

The Telluride is a sibling model to the Hyundai Palisade, sharing a platform, powertrains, and most key features. The two SUVs are also close in pricing, and offer the same warranty. The Telluride has more traditional SUV styling on the outside, while the Palisade aims for higher levels of luxury on the inside.

Is the Kia Telluride a reliable car?

The Telluride was among the top-rated SUVs in its segment in J.D. Power’s 2023 consumer rankings. But that segment is very competitive. The Telluride received a score of 84 points (out of a possible 100) in the “upper midsize SUV” category, putting it in a five-way tie for the top spot with the Buick Enclave, Chevrolet Traverse, GMC Acadia, and Toyota 4Runner.

Is the Kia Telluride worth the cost?

The Telluride is reasonably priced for its segment. It’s also one of the best-executed vehicles in that segment, offering competitive interior space, a stylish exterior, and an array of tech features. Add in Kia’s generous warranty, and it’s hard to argue with a Telluride.

4.6 Overall rating

(122 reviews)

Customers say

The Kia Telluride has garnered strong praise from owners across all model years for its luxurious features, spacious interior, and excellent value. Many appreciate its smooth ride and numerous technology options, noting that it offers a premium feel at an attractive price. However, some drivers have mentioned a few downsides, such as the ride feeling a bit minivan-like and the absence of features like wireless Android Auto in certain models. Overall, the Telluride stands out as a top choice for families, blending comfort and safety effectively.

AI generated from the text of customer reviews.

What people say

cargo space comfort features safety value
Finness C
5.0
Reviewed a 2020 Kia S AWD on Nov 17, 2024

The 2020 Kia Telluride is a standout in the midsize SUV segment, offering impressive value with great features, space, and overall quality. It’s a good choice if you want a comfortable, well-rounded family SUV with strong safety features and decent towing capacity. While it could use a bit more driving excitement and a hybrid option, it’s tough to beat for the price and is definitely worth considering if youre shopping in this category.

Finness C
3.0
Reviewed a 2020 Kia Telluride on Nov 18, 2024

The 2020 Kia Telluride is a spacious, well-equipped midsize SUV offering premium features, strong safety, and great value. While it lacks hybrid options and advanced off-road capabilities, it competes strongly with rivals like the Honda Pilot and Toyota Highlander, making it a top choice for families.

Anonymous
5.0
Reviewed a 2020 Kia Telluride on May 07, 2024

Car is loaded (for me). All features I wanted - two sky lights, captain seats in back, leather, heated/cooled seats up front. USB ports for all passengers in back. I do miss remote start up and I do miss the car opening when you put your finger on the handles. You have to actually hit unlock on the remote.

Victoria A
5.0
Reviewed a 2021 Kia Telluride on Jan 17, 2024

Great features, safe, super quiet ride, comfortable seating for 7.

Terry D
5.0
Reviewed a 2021 Kia Telluride on Apr 30, 2024

The features are amazing! Such a safe car. The value is excellent compared to other high end type cars. ONly thing missing is a built in garage door opener. It doesnt have one which is very odd.

Kia Telluride FAQs

How much does the Kia Telluride cost in Chicago, IL?

The average Kia Telluride costs about $31,775.08. The average price has decreased by -6.8% since last year. The 211 for sale near Chicago, IL on CarGurus, range from $13,995 to $50,998 in price.

Is the Kia Telluride a good car?

CarGurus experts gave the 2025 Kia Telluride an overall rating of 8.2/10 and Kia Telluride owners have rated the vehicle a 4.6/5 stars on average. If a vehicle has both strong expert and owner reviews, you can feel confident in its quality. If either expert reviews, owner reviews, or both are spotty, you might want to do some research to figure out where the car falls short.

How many Kia Telluride vehicles in Chicago, IL have no reported accidents or damage?

211 out of 211 for sale near Chicago, IL have no reported accidents or damage.

Is the Kia Telluride safe?

CarGurus experts gave the 2025 Kia Telluride a safety rating of 8/10.

What fuel types are available?

Gasoline engines are available.

  • 2027 Kia Telluride in Chicago IL

  • 2025 Kia Telluride in Chicago IL

  • 2024 Kia Telluride in Chicago IL

  • 2023 Kia Telluride in Chicago IL

  • 2022 Kia Telluride in Chicago IL

  • Used Kia Telluride for Sale Under $10,000

  • Used Kia Telluride for Sale Under $15,000

  • Used Kia Telluride for Sale Under $20,000

  • Used Kia Telluride for Sale Under $25,000

  • Used Kia Telluride for Sale Under $30,000

  • Used Kia Telluride for Sale Under $40,000

  • Used White Kia Telluride for Sale

  • Used Blue Kia Telluride for Sale

  • Used Red Kia Telluride for Sale

  • Used Black Kia Telluride for Sale

  • Used Silver Kia Telluride for Sale

  • Used Gray Kia Telluride for Sale

  • Kia Telluride SX AWD in Chicago IL

  • Kia Telluride S AWD

  • Kia Telluride EX AWD

  • Kia Telluride EX FWD

  • Kia Telluride S FWD

  • Kia Telluride EX X-Line AWD

  • Kia Telluride SX FWD

  • Kia Telluride SX-Prestige X-Line AWD

  • Kia Telluride LX AWD

  • Kia Telluride SX-Prestige AWD

  • Kia SUVs & Crossovers for Sale in Chicago IL

  • Used Kia Electric Cars for Sale

  • Best 3-Row SUVs For Sale in Chicago IL

  • Used Kia Telluride for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Low Mileage

  • New Kia Telluride in Chicago IL

  • Certified Used Kia Telluride in Chicago IL

  • Kia Telluride in Palatine IL

  • Kia Telluride in Aurora IL

  • Kia Telluride in Kenosha WI

  • Kia Telluride in South Bend IN

  • Kia Telluride in Rockford IL

  • Kia Telluride in Milwaukee WI

  • Kia Telluride in Janesville WI

  • Kia Telluride in Holland MI

  • Kia Telluride in Kalamazoo MI

  • All Used Cars

  • Manual Transmission Cars

  • Luxury Cars

  • Cars with Red Interior

  • Cheap Manual Cars

  • Hybrid Cars

  • Sports Cars

  • Electric SUVs

  • Cheap Trucks

  • Small Cars

  • Third Row SUVs

  • Three Quarter Ton Trucks

  • Lifted Trucks

  • Manual Transmission Trucks

  • Diesel Trucks

  • Hybrid SUVs

  • Dually Trucks

  • One Ton Trucks

  • Cheap SUVs

  • Lifted Ford Trucks

  • 4x4 Trucks

  • Work Trucks

  • AWD SUVs

  • Ford Trucks

  • Chevrolet Trucks

  • Toyota Trucks

  • Trucks Under $10,000

  • Cars Under $15,000

  • Sports Cars Under $20,000

  • Trucks Under $20,000

  • Used Sedans for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Hatchbacks for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Convertibles for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Vans for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Minivans for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Pickup Trucks for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Coupes for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Wagons for Sale with Low Mileage

  • McGrath Kia of St. Charles

  • McGrath Arlington Kia

  • McGrath Kia of Highland Park

  • Bob Rohrman Schaumburg Kia

  • Thomas Kia of Highland

  • Gerald Kia of Naperville

  • Classic Kia

  • Graff Kia of Chesterton

  • Gerald Kia of North Aurora

  • International Kia

  • Kia of Lincolnwood

  • Elgin Kia

Connect with us
Download our app
Download on the App Store Get it on Google Play
  • Company
  • About CarGurus
  • Our team
  • Press
  • Investor relations
  • Price trends
  • Careers
  • Advertise with CarGurus
  • For dealers
  • Dealer signup
  • Dealer resources
  • Terms
  • Terms of use
  • Privacy policy
  • Interest-based ads
  • Security
  • Help
  • Help center
  • Contact us
Click for the BBB Business Review of this Auto Listing Service in Cambridge MA
    • United States (EN)
    • Estados Unidos (ES)
    • Canada (EN)
    • Canada (FR)
    • United Kingdom

© 2025 CarGurus, Inc., All Rights Reserved.