CarGurus Logo Homepage Link
  • Buy
    • Used cars
    • New cars
    • Certified pre-owned
    • Start your purchase online
    • Dealerships near me
  • Sell
    • Sell my car
    • Car values
    • Sell my car FAQs
  • Finance
    • Prequalify for financing
    • How does it work?
    • Financing FAQs
  • Research
    • Test drive reviews
    • Price trends
    • Tips & advice
    • Electric cars
    • Compare cars
  • Discover
    The latest way to shop:
    smarter research, better
    listings.
  • Saved cars & searches
  • Sign in / Register
    • My account
    • Saved searches
    • Saved cars
    • Recommended cars
    • Browsing history
    • Financing dashboard
      • United States (EN)
      • Estados Unidos (ES)
      • Canada (EN)
      • Canada (FR)
      • United Kingdom

Used Toyota Highlander for Sale near Vanderbilt, TX

235 results
Vanderbilt, TX
2020 Toyota Highlander L FWD HGreg Houston

2020 Toyota Highlander

L FWD

77,737 miles

$22,295

Fair Deal
Houston, TX
91 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
Black
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
77,737
Stock number:
S506446
VIN:
5TDCZRAH8LS506446

Sponsored

2017 Toyota Highlander Limited

2017 Toyota Highlander

Limited

81,474 miles

$18,995

Great Deal
Houston, TX
88 mi away
Year:
2017
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
Celestial Silver Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
23 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Ash
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
81,474
Stock number:
VS480752A
VIN:
5TDYZRFH6HS201517

Sponsored

2021 Toyota Highlander Limited AWD

2021 Toyota Highlander

Limited AWD

74,125 miles

$29,786

Fair Deal
Manvel, TX
88 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
Midnight Black Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
23 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
74,125
Stock number:
MS144433P
VIN:
5TDDZRBH1MS144433

Sponsored

2024 Toyota Highlander LE FWD

2024 Toyota Highlander

LE FWD

24,955 miles

$33,844

Fair Deal
Bay City, TX
43 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
265 hp 2.4L I4
Exterior color:
Black
Combined gas mileage:
25 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
24,955
Stock number:
P8732
VIN:
5TDKDRAH3RS532519

2016 Toyota Highlander XLE

2016 Toyota Highlander

XLE

106,648 miles

$16,997

Great Deal
Lake Jackson, TX
71 mi away
Year:
2016
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
270 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
Predawn Gray Mica
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
6-Speed Automatic Overdrive
Mileage:
106,648
Stock number:
SB042799A
VIN:
5TDKKRFH0GS143008

2018 Toyota Highlander Limited Platinum

2018 Toyota Highlander

Limited Platinum

80,792 miles

$22,995

Great Deal
Houston, TX
91 mi away
Year:
2018
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
White
Combined gas mileage:
23 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
80,792
Stock number:
267314
VIN:
5TDYZRFH6JS267314

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Toyota Highlander

XLE FWD

40,763 miles

$32,997

Good Deal
Wharton, TX
47 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
265 hp 2.4L I4
Exterior color:
Blue
Combined gas mileage:
25 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
40,763
Stock number:
WRU1256
VIN:
5TDKDRAH3PS526975

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2018 Toyota Highlander

SE AWD

108,289 miles

$22,897

Fair Deal
Store transfer to Richmond, TX
1,457 mi away • Price includes $1,899 shipping Price includes $1,899 shipping
Year:
2018
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
White
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
108,289
Stock number:
27224485
VIN:
5TDJZRFH1JS538961

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Toyota Highlander

XLE FWD

83,771 miles

$26,391

Fair Deal
Sugar Land, TX
83 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
White (Blizzard Pearl)
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Gray (Graphite)
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
83,771
Stock number:
TMS055839
VIN:
5TDGZRAH2MS055839

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2025 Toyota Highlander

LE FWD

34,922 miles

$34,697

Good Deal
Store transfer to Richmond, TX
763 mi away • Price includes $699 shipping Price includes $699 shipping
Year:
2025
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
265 hp 2.4L I4
Exterior color:
Black
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
34,922
Stock number:
28430909
VIN:
5TDKDRAH8SS551881

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2020 Toyota Highlander

XLE FWD

102,297 miles

$23,695

Fair Deal
Katy, TX
85 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
White (Blizzard Pearl)
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Gray
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
102,297
Stock number:
K54506A
VIN:
5TDGZRAH7LS015593

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Toyota Highlander

LE FWD

50,327 miles

$26,872

Great Deal
Corpus Christi, TX
89 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
265 hp 2.4L I4
Exterior color:
Magnetic Gray Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
25 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
50,327
Stock number:
PS036657
VIN:
5TDKDRAH4PS036657

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Toyota Highlander

XLE AWD

71,709 miles

$30,993

Good Deal
Sugar Land, TX
83 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
265 hp 2.4L I4
Exterior color:
White (Wind Chill Pearl)
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Gray (Graphite)
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
71,709
Stock number:
TPS503428
VIN:
5TDKDRBH4PS503428

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2017 Toyota Highlander

XLE

127,970 miles

$16,987

Good Deal
Stafford, TX
85 mi away
Year:
2017
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
23 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
127,970
Stock number:
CHS523089
VIN:
5TDKZRFH2HS523089

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Toyota Highlander

XLE AWD

24,526 miles

$35,875

Great Deal
Wharton, TX
47 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
265 hp 2.4L I4
Exterior color:
Blue
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Brown (Harvest Beige)
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
24,526
Stock number:
WC0567A
VIN:
5TDKDRBH8RS532594

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Toyota Highlander

Limited FWD

72,225 miles

$30,150

Fair Deal
Corpus Christi, TX
91 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
72,225
Stock number:
P8218
VIN:
5TDYZRAH8MS517776

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2017 Toyota Highlander

Limited

81,474 miles

$18,995

Great Deal
Houston, TX
88 mi away
Year:
2017
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
Celestial Silver Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
23 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Ash
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
81,474
Stock number:
VS480752A
VIN:
5TDYZRFH6HS201517

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2014 Toyota Highlander

Limited

92,528 miles

$18,888

Fair Deal
Houston, TX
91 mi away
Year:
2014
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
270 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
White (Blizzard Pearl)
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Ash
Transmission:
6-Speed Automatic Overdrive
Mileage:
92,528
Stock number:
W42286B
VIN:
5TDYKRFH9ES036451

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2017 Toyota Highlander

SE

120,140 miles

$14,900

Great Deal
Houston, TX
90 mi away
Year:
2017
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
Red
Combined gas mileage:
23 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
120,140
Stock number:
233880
VIN:
5TDKZRFH1HS233880

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Toyota Highlander

XLE FWD

51,026 miles

$29,397

Fair Deal
Store transfer to Richmond, TX
467 mi away • Price includes $399 shipping Price includes $399 shipping
Year:
2021
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
295 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
Silver
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
51,026
Stock number:
27607214
VIN:
5TDGZRAH3MS519544

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2015 Toyota Highlander

Limited

104,795 miles

$16,500

Good Deal
Alvin, TX
94 mi away
Year:
2015
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
270 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
White
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
104,795
Stock number:
T27366
VIN:
5TDYKRFH0FS117761

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Toyota Highlander

XLE AWD

40,468 miles

$34,000

Great Deal
Houston, TX
92 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
265 hp 2.4L I4
Exterior color:
Midnight Black Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
40,468
Stock number:
RS536019
VIN:
5TDKDRBH5RS536019

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2010 Toyota Highlander

SE

140,752 miles

$9,995

Fair Deal
Houston, TX
91 mi away
Year:
2010
Make:
Toyota
Model:
Highlander
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
270 hp 3.5L V6
Exterior color:
White (Blizzard Pearl)
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Light Gray
Transmission:
5-Speed Automatic Overdrive
Mileage:
140,752
Stock number:
020249
VIN:
5TDKK3EH2AS020249

Sponsored

  1. Home
  2. / Used Cars
  3. / Toyota Highlander
  4. / Texas
  5. / Vanderbilt
Overview
Reviews
FAQs

CarGurus recommends the 2022 Toyota Highlander

Picture of Toyota Highlander ## Summary - With 4,445 currently listed for sale on CarGurus and an **average price of $32,524.00**, 32.8% of 2022 Toyota Highlanders for sale on CarGurus are rated as good or great deals. - **Favorably reviewed:** Owners rated the 2022 Toyota Highlander 4.58 / 5 stars. - **82.5% of 2022 Highlander models on CarGurus are accident free**. - The 2022 Toyota Highlander offers a spacious interior with a comfortable ride, solid fuel efficiency, and advanced safety features like Toyota Safety Sense. ## Why it stands out The 2022 Toyota Highlander stands out in the competitive midsize SUV market thanks to its blend of practicality, comfort, and reliability. With a redesign that emphasizes both interior space and a smooth driving experience, this model caters to families and individuals looking for a dependable vehicle. The introduction of hybrid technology in this generation enhances its fuel economy, while the spacious cabin provides ample room for passengers and cargo alike. Additionally, the inclusion of advanced safety features has solidified the Highlander's reputation as a safe and secure option for any driver. ## Other model years to consider - **[2021 Toyota Highlander](https://www.cargurus.com/Cars/l-Used-2021-Toyota-Highlander-c30910)** - Average price: $29,272.00 - Good/great deal percentage: 33.6% - User rating: 4.82 / 5 - Total listings: 3,016 - **[2019 Toyota Highlander](https://www.cargurus.com/Cars/l-Used-2019-Toyota-Highlander-c27941)** - Average price: $23,159.00 - Good/great deal percentage: 34.8% - User rating: 4.57 / 5 - Total listings: 2,580 - **[2020 Toyota Highlander](https://www.cargurus.com/Cars/l-Used-2020-Toyota-Highlander-c29164)** - Average price: $27,061.00 - Good/great deal percentage: 34.4% - User rating: 4.48 / 5 - Total listings: 2,823 These recommendations are based on CarGurus' proprietary market data from February 23, 2026, CarGurus experts' opinions, and generative AI.

4.6 Overall rating

(691 reviews)

Customers say

Overall, the Toyota Highlander has built a strong reputation across its model years for reliability, comfort, and family-friendly features. Drivers appreciate its spacious interiors and smooth rides, often highlighting its impressive safety features as a key asset. Many also enjoy the performance and power of the engines. However, some common criticisms include a lack of advanced infotainment options in older models, tight third-row seating, and varying cargo space depending on configuration. Overall, the Highlander is seen as a dependable choice for families and an excellent value in the SUV market.

AI generated from the text of customer reviews.

What people say

cargo space comfort interior performance safety
Julie W
5.0
Reviewed a 2021 Toyota Highlander on Jul 20, 2024

I loved my Highlander. I give my 2021 Toyota Highlander a 100 out of 10 on its safety. My car was a limited and it had most bells and whistles which I loved but what I loved most was that we all walked away from a collision where we were traveling 40 miles an hour and thanks to the safety design , we’re here.

Melissa C
5.0
Reviewed a 2021 Toyota Highlander on May 05, 2024

Toyota knocked it out of the park again with this 2021 Highlander Platinum. Luxurious quiet ride Lexus feel like. Very happy with this purchase.

Emmanuel S
5.0
Reviewed a 2022 Toyota Highlander on Apr 18, 2024

The car is great with very nice features. It is a good value in terms of price and nothing is missing. It is a good looking car

Anonymous
5.0
Reviewed a 2019 Toyota Highlander on Sep 03, 2024

great combination of reliability, function and features and price. Has more than enough bells and whistles with great driveability and comfort

James S
4.0
Reviewed a 2008 Toyota Highlander on Jul 16, 2024

We own 2 of these. One is the limited and the other is the all wheel drive. Over 150,000 on each and really just general maintenance issues so far with each. The clear coat is peeling and fading on the rear valance of each and the shocks and struts need to be replaced at this age. We have taken our limited everywhere including Texas, Colorado, North Carolina, Maryland, West Virginia, and more. Very good for families or dog owners and flexible with the third row seating. No major issues with either one so far!

Toyota Highlander FAQs

How much does the Toyota Highlander cost in Vanderbilt, TX?

The average Toyota Highlander costs about $26,583.60. The average price has decreased by -7.9% since last year. The 511 for sale near Vanderbilt, TX on CarGurus, range from $3,919 to $53,693 in price.

How many Toyota Highlander vehicles in Vanderbilt, TX have no reported accidents or damage?

353 out of 511 for sale near Vanderbilt, TX have no reported accidents or damage.

What fuel types are available?

Gasoline engines are available.

  • 2027 Toyota Highlander in Vanderbilt TX

  • 2026 Toyota Highlander in Vanderbilt TX

  • 2025 Toyota Highlander in Vanderbilt TX

  • 2024 Toyota Highlander

  • 2023 Toyota Highlander

  • 2022 Toyota Highlander

  • Used Toyota Highlander for Sale Under $10,000 Near Vanderbilt

  • Used Toyota Highlander for Sale Under $15,000 Near Vanderbilt

  • Used Toyota Highlander for Sale Under $20,000 Near Vanderbilt

  • Used Toyota Highlander for Sale Under $25,000 Near Vanderbilt

  • Used Toyota Highlander for Sale Under $30,000 Near Vanderbilt

  • Used Toyota Highlander for Sale Under $40,000 Near Vanderbilt

  • Used White Toyota Highlander for Sale

  • Used Blue Toyota Highlander for Sale

  • Used Red Toyota Highlander for Sale

  • Used Black Toyota Highlander for Sale

  • Used Silver Toyota Highlander for Sale

  • Used Gray Toyota Highlander for Sale

  • Toyota Highlander XLE AWD

  • Toyota Highlander XLE FWD

  • Toyota Highlander Limited AWD

  • Toyota Highlander LE AWD

  • Toyota Highlander LE FWD

  • Toyota Highlander XLE

  • Toyota Highlander Platinum AWD

  • Toyota Highlander XSE AWD

  • Toyota Highlander L FWD

  • Toyota Highlander Limited FWD

  • Toyota Sedans for Sale in Vanderbilt TX

  • Toyota SUVs & Crossovers for Sale in Vanderbilt TX

  • Old Toyota Pickups for Sale in Vanderbilt TX

  • Used Toyota Electric Cars for Sale

  • Reliable Cars For Sale in Vanderbilt TX

  • Toyota Trucks for Sale in Vanderbilt TX

  • Best 3-Row SUVs For Sale in Vanderbilt TX

  • Used Toyota Highlander for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Low Mileage

  • New Toyota Highlander in Vanderbilt TX

  • Certified Used Toyota Highlander in Vanderbilt TX

  • Cadillac SRX in Vanderbilt TX

  • Ford Escape in Vanderbilt TX

  • Hyundai Veracruz in Vanderbilt TX

  • Toyota Highlander in Victoria TX

  • Toyota Highlander in Katy TX

  • Toyota Highlander in Corpus Christi TX

  • Toyota Highlander in Houston TX

  • Toyota Highlander in New Braunfels TX

  • Toyota Highlander in Galveston TX

  • Toyota Highlander in San Antonio TX

  • Toyota Highlander in Austin TX

  • Toyota Highlander in Conroe TX

  • All Used Cars

  • Manual Transmission Cars

  • Luxury Cars

  • Cars with Red Interior

  • Cheap Manual Cars

  • Hybrid Cars

  • Sports Cars

  • Electric SUVs

  • Cheap Trucks

  • Small Cars

  • Third Row SUVs

  • Three Quarter Ton Trucks

  • Lifted Trucks

  • Manual Transmission Trucks

  • Diesel Trucks

  • Hybrid SUVs

  • Dually Trucks

  • One Ton Trucks

  • Cheap SUVs

  • Lifted Ford Trucks

  • 4x4 Trucks

  • Work Trucks

  • AWD SUVs

  • Ford Trucks

  • Chevrolet Trucks

  • Toyota Trucks

  • Trucks Under $10,000

  • Cars Under $15,000

  • Sports Cars Under $20,000

  • Trucks Under $20,000

  • Used Sedans for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Hatchbacks for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Convertibles for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Vans for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Minivans for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Pickup Trucks for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Coupes for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Wagons for Sale with Low Mileage

Connect with us
Download our app
Download on the App Store Get it on Google Play
  • Company
  • About CarGurus
  • Our team
  • Press
  • Investor relations
  • Price trends
  • Careers
  • Advertise with CarGurus
  • For dealers
  • Dealer signup
  • Dealer resources
  • Terms
  • Terms of use
  • Privacy policy
  • Interest-based ads
  • Security
  • Help
  • Help center
  • Contact us
Click for the BBB Business Review of this Auto Listing Service in Cambridge MA
    • United States (EN)
    • Estados Unidos (ES)
    • Canada (EN)
    • Canada (FR)
    • United Kingdom

© 2026 CarGurus, Inc., All Rights Reserved.