CarGurus Logo Homepage Link
  • Buy
    • Used cars
    • New cars
    • Certified pre-owned
    • Start your purchase online
    • Dealerships near me
  • Sell
    • Sell my car
    • Car values
    • Sell my car FAQs
  • Finance
    • Prequalify for financing
    • How does it work?
    • Financing FAQs
  • Research
    • Test drive reviews
    • Price trends
    • Tips & advice
    • Electric cars
    • Compare cars
  • Discover
    The latest way to shop:
    smarter research, better
    listings.
  • Saved cars & searches
  • Sign in / Register
    • My account
    • Saved searches
    • Saved cars
    • Recommended cars
    • Browsing history
    • Financing dashboard
      • United States (EN)
      • Estados Unidos (ES)
      • Canada (EN)
      • Canada (FR)
      • United Kingdom

Used Nissan Altima for Sale near Franklin, TN

381 results
Franklin, TN
2014 Nissan Altima 2.5 SL Stargate Auto Sales LLC

2014 Nissan Altima

2.5 SL

73,338 miles

$12,870

Fair Deal
Murfreesboro, TN
26 mi away
Year:
2014
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Red (Maroon)
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
73,338
Stock number:
269721
VIN:
1N4AL3AP2EC269721

Sponsored

2025 Nissan Altima 2.5 SV FWD

2025 Nissan Altima

2.5 SV FWD

27,993 miles

$20,280

Fair Deal
17 mi away
Year:
2025
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
White
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
27,993
Stock number:
16521537
VIN:
1N4BL4DV9SN354558

Sponsored

2023 Nissan Altima 2.5 SV FWD

2023 Nissan Altima

2.5 SV FWD

66,210 miles

$16,989

Great Deal
Madison, TN
29 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
66,210
Stock number:
308292
VIN:
1N4BL4DVXPN308292

Sponsored

2020 Nissan Altima 2.5 S FWD

2020 Nissan Altima

2.5 S FWD

57,170 miles

$13,500

Great Deal
Madison, TN
23 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Black
Combined gas mileage:
33 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
57,170
VIN:
1N4BL4BVXLC266618

2020 Nissan Altima 2.5 S FWD

2020 Nissan Altima

2.5 S FWD

55,625 miles

$15,764

Good Deal
Shelbyville, TN
35 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Brilliant Silver Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
33 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black (Charcoal)
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
55,625
Stock number:
N18192C
VIN:
1N4BL4BV9LC261457

2021 Nissan Altima 2.5 SR FWD

2021 Nissan Altima

2.5 SR FWD

43,390 miles

$17,989

Good Deal
Franklin, TN
2 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
182 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Black
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
43,390
Stock number:
390112
VIN:
1N4BL4CV0MN390112

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2020 Nissan Altima

2.5 SL FWD

74,352 miles

$15,885

Good Deal
Hendersonville, TN
29 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
33 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
74,352
Stock number:
153998
VIN:
1N4BL4EV2LC153998

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Nissan Altima

2.5 SR FWD

40,631 miles

$19,444

Great Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Gallatin, TN
37 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Gray Sky Pearl
Combined gas mileage:
31 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Sport
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
40,631
Stock number:
F358907
VIN:
1N4BL4CV1RN358907

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2025 Nissan Altima

2.5 SV FWD

48,779 miles

$18,742

Great Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Nashville, TN
17 mi away
Year:
2025
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Garnet Pearl Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black (Charcoal)
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
48,779
Stock number:
P325400
VIN:
1N4BL4DV5SN325400

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Nissan Altima

2.5 SV FWD

60,558 miles

$17,995

Good Deal
Madison, TN
29 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Black
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
60,558
Stock number:
341512
VIN:
1N4BL4DV5RN341512

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2020 Nissan Altima

2.5 S FWD

45,523 miles

$16,472

Good Deal
Nashville, TN
17 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Super Black
Combined gas mileage:
33 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Light Gray
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
45,523
Stock number:
P117247
VIN:
1N4BL4BV2LC117247

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2017 Nissan Altima

2.5 S

60,388 miles

$11,700

Good Deal
Hendersonville, TN
29 mi away
Year:
2017
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
182 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Pearl White
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black (Charcoal)
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
60,388
Stock number:
HC159431
VIN:
1N4AL3AP7HC159431

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2020 Nissan Altima

2.5 SR FWD

86,230 miles

$15,361

Good Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Franklin, TN
4 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Super Black Clearcoat
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black (Charcoal)
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
86,230
Stock number:
C211419A
VIN:
1N4BL4CV5LC179417

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2018 Nissan Altima

2.5 SL

118,611 miles

$9,995

Good Deal
Woodbury, TN
46 mi away
Year:
2018
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
179 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
118,611
Stock number:
3283
VIN:
1N4AL3AP4JC184373

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2019 Nissan Altima

2.5 Platinum AWD

35,330 miles

$21,203

Fair Deal
Nashville, TN
29 mi away
Year:
2019
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
182 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Storm Blue Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
30 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Light Gray
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
35,330
Stock number:
11479
VIN:
1N4BL4FW3KC212515

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2020 Nissan Altima

2.5 SR FWD

126,931 miles

$12,965

Fair Deal
Madison, TN
28 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Gray (Gun Metallic)
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Sport
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
126,931
Stock number:
G261090B
VIN:
1N4BL4CVXLC121111

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Nissan Altima

2.5 SL AWD

36,809 miles

$24,597

Fair Deal
Store transfer to Franklin, TN
1,738 mi away • Price includes $1,599 shipping Price includes $1,599 shipping
Year:
2023
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
182 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Red (Burgundy)
Combined gas mileage:
30 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
36,809
Stock number:
28494154
VIN:
1N4BL4EW0PN407078

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Nissan Altima

2.5 SV AWD

49,677 miles

$18,731

Good Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Nashville, TN
17 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
182 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Gray (Gun Metallic)
Combined gas mileage:
30 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black (Charcoal)
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
49,677
Stock number:
C767564A
VIN:
1N4BL4DW7PN339945

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2018 Nissan Altima

2.5 S

55,084 miles

$13,549

Good Deal
Shelbyville, TN
35 mi away
Year:
2018
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
179 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Super Black Clearcoat
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black (Charcoal)
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
55,084
Stock number:
N19139A
VIN:
1N4AL3AP0JC474352

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2017 Nissan Altima

2.5 SR

116,872 miles

$13,797

Fair Deal
Store transfer to Franklin, TN
1,893 mi away • Price includes $1,799 shipping Price includes $1,799 shipping
Year:
2017
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
182 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
31 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
116,872
Stock number:
28408580
VIN:
1N4AL3AP8HC111727

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Nissan Altima

2.5 SR AWD

35,315 miles

$21,497

Fair Deal
Store transfer to Franklin, TN
1,072 mi away • Price includes $499 shipping Price includes $499 shipping
Year:
2022
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
182 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Orange
Combined gas mileage:
30 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
35,315
Stock number:
27855011
VIN:
1N4BL4CW9NN416569

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Nissan Altima

2.5 SV FWD

66,210 miles

$16,989

Great Deal
Madison, TN
29 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
66,210
Stock number:
308292
VIN:
1N4BL4DVXPN308292

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2025 Nissan Altima

2.5 SV FWD

24,821 miles

$20,167

Fair Deal
Nashville, TN
17 mi away
Year:
2025
Make:
Nissan
Model:
Altima
Body type:
Sedan
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
188 hp 2.5L I4
Exterior color:
Black
Combined gas mileage:
32 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Continuously Variable Transmission
Mileage:
24,821
Stock number:
51135
VIN:
1N4BL4DV1SN350133

Sponsored

  1. Home
  2. / Used Cars
  3. / Nissan Altima
  4. / Tennessee
  5. / Franklin
Overview
Reviews
FAQs

CarGurus recommends the 2024 Nissan Altima

Picture of Nissan Altima ## Summary - With 9,683 currently listed for sale and an **average price of $19,906.00**, 23.9% of 2024 Nissan Altimas for sale on CarGurus are rated as good or great deals. - **Favorably reviewed:** Owners rated the 2024 Nissan Altima 5 / 5 stars. - **91.4% of 2024 Altima models on CarGurus are accident-free**. - The 2024 Nissan Altima offers available all-wheel drive, an updated touchscreen display, advanced safety features, and maintains a competitive price point in the midsize sedan market. ## Why it stands out The 2024 Nissan Altima stands out in a shrinking sedan market with its compelling blend of comfort and technology. Notably, the vehicle features a spacious interior, highlighted by comfortable seating and user-friendly technology that caters to driver convenience. The availability of all-wheel drive provides added confidence for those in varied weather conditions. Furthermore, the Altima's robust suite of standard safety features, including Nissan Safety Shield 360, enhances its appeal to safety-conscious buyers. Overall, the Altima maintains its reputation as a well-rounded, reliable choice for midsize sedan shoppers. ## Other model years to consider - **[2022 Nissan Altima](https://www.cargurus.com/Cars/l-Used-2022-Nissan-Altima-c32054)** - Average price: $18,236.00 - Good/great deal percentage: 34.9% - User rating: 4.91 / 5 - Total listings: 5,016 - **[2023 Nissan Altima](https://www.cargurus.com/Cars/l-Used-2023-Nissan-Altima-c32350)** - Average price: $20,083.00 - Good/great deal percentage: 40.1% - User rating: 4.9 / 5 - Total listings: 8,213 - **[2020 Nissan Altima](https://www.cargurus.com/Cars/l-Used-2020-Nissan-Altima-c29390)** - Average price: $14,704.00 - Good/great deal percentage: 32.2% - User rating: 4.86 / 5 - Total listings: 3,050 These recommendations are based on CarGurus' proprietary market data from March 23, 2026, CarGurus experts' opinions, and generative AI.

4.4 Overall rating

(1,074 reviews)

Customers say

Overall, the Nissan Altima impresses drivers with its reliable performance, comfortable interiors, and commendable fuel economy. Owners appreciate the smooth ride, advanced safety features, and updated technology across various model years. However, some drivers have noted a desire for additional luxury details and experienced minor concerns about the CVT transmission's reliability. Despite these critiques, many feel the Altima offers great value for their money, making it a strong contender among midsize sedans.

AI generated from the text of customer reviews.

What people say

comfort fuel economy interior performance safety
Carey K
4.0
Reviewed a 2016 Nissan 2.5 SV on Jan 16, 2025

Great car. I like the safety features as well as the gas mileage. It handles well and a smooth ride.

Anonymous
5.0
Reviewed a 2024 Nissan 2.5 SV AWD on Dec 06, 2024

Im very happy with my Nissan Altima. I think is just the perfect car for me!

John R
5.0
Reviewed a 2019 Nissan Altima on Jun 09, 2024

Feels like a more expensive car. No jump from a stopped position. Smooth gain. Smooth stopping. Plenty of back seat passenger room. Huge trunk.

Justin H
4.0
Reviewed a 2013 Nissan Altima on Jan 10, 2025

The 2013 Altima drove great and had really low miles. We would have bought it except for some minor damage on the front and back and bad tires.

Anonymous
5.0
Reviewed a 2020 Nissan 2.5 S FWD on Nov 05, 2024

Great car love everything about it! It warms up with me getting inside, is the best part!

Nissan Altima FAQs

How much does the Nissan Altima cost in Franklin, TN?

The average Nissan Altima costs about $18,193.68. The average price has increased by 4.7% since last year. The 381 for sale near Franklin, TN on CarGurus, range from $3,990 to $28,998 in price.

Is the Nissan Altima a good car?

CarGurus experts gave the 2025 Nissan Altima an overall rating of 5.8/10 and Nissan Altima owners have rated the vehicle a 4.4/5 stars on average. If a vehicle has both strong expert and owner reviews, you can feel confident in its quality. If either expert reviews, owner reviews, or both are spotty, you might want to do some research to figure out where the car falls short.

How many Nissan Altima vehicles in Franklin, TN have no reported accidents or damage?

381 out of 381 for sale near Franklin, TN have no reported accidents or damage.

Is the Nissan Altima safe?

CarGurus experts gave the 2025 Nissan Altima a safety rating of 5/10.

What fuel types are available?

Gasoline engines are available.

  • 2026 Nissan Altima in Franklin TN

  • 2025 Nissan Altima in Franklin TN

  • 2024 Nissan Altima

  • 2023 Nissan Altima

  • 2022 Nissan Altima in Franklin TN

  • 2021 Nissan Altima

  • Used Nissan Altima for Sale Under $10,000 Near Franklin

  • Used Nissan Altima for Sale Under $15,000 Near Franklin

  • Used Nissan Altima for Sale Under $20,000 Near Franklin

  • Used Nissan Altima for Sale Under $25,000 Near Franklin

  • Used Nissan Altima for Sale Under $30,000 Near Franklin

  • Used Nissan Altima for Sale Under $40,000 Near Franklin

  • Used White Nissan Altima for Sale in Franklin

  • Used Blue Nissan Altima for Sale in Franklin

  • Used Red Nissan Altima for Sale in Franklin

  • Used Black Nissan Altima for Sale in Franklin

  • Used Silver Nissan Altima for Sale in Franklin

  • Used Gray Nissan Altima for Sale in Franklin

  • Nissan Altima 2.5 SV

  • Nissan Altima 2.5 SR

  • Nissan Altima 2.5 S

  • Nissan Altima 2.5 S

  • Nissan Altima 2.5 SV

  • Nissan Altima 2.5 SV

  • Nissan Altima 2.5 SR

  • Nissan Altima 2.5 SL

  • Nissan Altima 2.5 SL

  • Nissan Altima 2.5

  • Nissan SUVs & Crossovers for Sale in Franklin TN

  • Used Nissan Electric Cars for Sale

  • Used Nissan Altima for Sale with Low Mileage in Franklin

  • Used Sedans for Sale with Low Mileage in Franklin

  • New Nissan Altima in Franklin TN

  • Certified Used Nissan Altima in Franklin TN

  • Pontiac G8 in Franklin TN

  • Subaru Legacy in Franklin TN

  • Chevrolet Malibu in Franklin TN

  • Nissan Altima in Nashville TN

  • Nissan Altima in Murfreesboro TN

  • Nissan Altima in Lebanon TN

  • Nissan Altima in Cross State TN

  • Nissan Altima in Clarksville TN

  • Nissan Altima in Bowling Green KY

  • Nissan Altima in Cookeville TN

  • Nissan Altima in Huntsville AL

  • Nissan Altima in Florence AL

  • All Used Cars

  • Manual Transmission Cars

  • Luxury Cars

  • Cars with Red Interior

  • Cheap Manual Cars

  • Hybrid Cars

  • Sports Cars

  • Electric SUVs

  • Cheap Trucks

  • Small Cars

  • Third Row SUVs

  • Three Quarter Ton Trucks

  • Lifted Trucks

  • Manual Transmission Trucks

  • Diesel Trucks

  • Hybrid SUVs

  • Dually Trucks

  • One Ton Trucks

  • Cheap SUVs

  • Lifted Ford Trucks

  • 4x4 Trucks

  • Work Trucks

  • AWD SUVs

  • Ford Trucks

  • Chevrolet Trucks

  • Toyota Trucks

  • Trucks Under $10,000

  • Cars Under $15,000

  • Sports Cars Under $20,000

  • Trucks Under $20,000

  • Used Sedans for Sale with Low Mileage in Franklin

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Low Mileage in Franklin

  • Used Hatchbacks for Sale with Low Mileage in Franklin

  • Used Convertibles for Sale with Low Mileage in Franklin

  • Used Vans for Sale with Low Mileage in Franklin

  • Used Minivans for Sale with Low Mileage in Franklin

  • Used Pickup Trucks for Sale with Low Mileage in Franklin

  • Used Coupes for Sale with Low Mileage in Franklin

  • Used Wagons for Sale with Low Mileage in Franklin

  • Benton Nissan of Columbia

  • Victory Nissan of Nashville

  • Mathews Nissan

  • Downtown Nashville Nissan

  • Victory Nissan of Dickson

  • Newton Nissan South

  • Newton Nissan of Gallatin

  • Murfreesboro Nissan

Connect with us
Download our app
Download on the App Store Get it on Google Play
  • Company
  • About CarGurus
  • Our team
  • Press
  • Investor relations
  • Price trends
  • Careers
  • Advertise with CarGurus
  • For dealers
  • Dealer signup
  • Dealer resources
  • Terms
  • Terms of use
  • Privacy policy
  • Interest-based ads
  • Security
  • Help
  • Help center
  • Contact us
Click for the BBB Business Review of this Auto Listing Service in Cambridge MA
    • United States (EN)
    • Estados Unidos (ES)
    • Canada (EN)
    • Canada (FR)
    • United Kingdom

© 2026 CarGurus, Inc., All Rights Reserved.