CarGurus Logo Homepage Link
  • Buy
    • Used cars
    • New cars
    • Certified pre-owned
    • Start your purchase online
    • Dealerships near me
  • Sell
    • Sell my car
    • Car values
    • Sell my car FAQs
  • Finance
    • Prequalify for financing
    • How does it work?
    • Financing FAQs
  • Research
    • Test drive reviews
    • Price trends
    • Tips & advice
    • Electric cars
    • Compare cars
  • Discover
    The latest way to shop:
    smarter research, better
    listings.
  • Saved cars & searches
  • Sign in / Register
    • My account
    • Saved searches
    • Saved cars
    • Recommended cars
    • Browsing history
    • Financing dashboard
      • United States (EN)
      • Estados Unidos (ES)
      • Canada (EN)
      • Canada (FR)
      • United Kingdom

Used Cadillac XT5 for Sale near Knox, IN

334 results
Knox, IN
2022 Cadillac XT5 Sport AWD Advantage Buick GMC Cadillac

2022 Cadillac XT5

Sport AWD

46,651 miles

$32,471

Fair Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Hodgkins, IL
73 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Stellar Black Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Jet Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
46,651
Stock number:
P1052
VIN:
1GYKNGRS1NZ137582

Sponsored

2025 Cadillac XT5 Luxury AWD

2025 Cadillac XT5

Luxury AWD

25,298 miles

$33,796

Good Deal
Valparaiso, IN
28 mi away
Year:
2025
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
235 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Blue
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
25,298
Stock number:
C1R113367
VIN:
1GYKNBR49SZ113367

Sponsored

2023 Cadillac XT5 Premium Luxury AWD

2023 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury AWD

28,787 miles

$31,999

Fair Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Libertyville, IL
97 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
235 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Argent Silver Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Jet Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
28,787
Stock number:
4809NA
VIN:
1GYKNDR41PZ174814

Sponsored

2023 Cadillac XT5 Sport AWD

2023 Cadillac XT5

Sport AWD

23,994 miles

$35,900

Good Deal
Bradley, IL
64 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Crystal White Tricoat
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Jet Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
23,994
Stock number:
B6913A
VIN:
1GYKNGRS9PZ207526

2023 Cadillac XT5 Premium Luxury FWD

2023 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury FWD

26,430 miles

$30,900

Good Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Schaumburg, IL
90 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
235 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Stellar Black Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
25 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
26,430
Stock number:
P7806
VIN:
1GYKNCR43PZ153067

2018 Cadillac XT5 FWD

2018 Cadillac XT5

FWD

71,137 miles

$16,969

Fair Deal
Lincolnwood, IL
77 mi away
Year:
2018
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Crystal White Tricoat
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Brown (Sahara Beige)
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
71,137
Stock number:
C25029A
VIN:
1GYKNARS0JZ163291

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2017 Cadillac XT5

Luxury AWD

65,032 miles

$17,823

Good Deal
Noblesville, IN
92 mi away
Year:
2017
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Brown
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Brown (Tan)
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
65,032
Stock number:
KCN260140B
VIN:
1GYKNDRS1HZ290157

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury FWD

34,459 miles

$29,200

Fair Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Joliet, IL
80 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Gray (Satin Steel Metallic)
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Jet Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
34,459
Stock number:
GX5470
VIN:
1GYKNCRS0NZ105277

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2017 Cadillac XT5

FWD

92,930 miles

$13,599

Good Deal
Noblesville, IN
94 mi away
Year:
2017
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Stellar Black Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
23 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Brown (Sahara Beige)
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
92,930
Stock number:
VNI226418
VIN:
1GYKNARS4HZ226418

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury FWD

24,959 miles

$31,074

Good Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Lombard, IL
83 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
235 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Stellar Black Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
25 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
24,959
Stock number:
25545Y
VIN:
1GYKNCR47PZ187870

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury AWD

26,192 miles

$29,000

Good Deal
Lincolnwood, IL
77 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Crystal White Tricoat
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Jet Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
26,192
Stock number:
P4686
VIN:
1GYKNDRS6MZ137431

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2025 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury AWD

15,415 miles

$41,500

Great Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Schaumburg, IL
90 mi away
Year:
2025
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
235 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Stellar Black Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
15,415
Stock number:
25233A
VIN:
1GYKNDR42SZ101590

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury AWD

39,939 miles

$27,983

Good Deal
Lombard, IL
83 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Stellar Black Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
39,939
Stock number:
26245B
VIN:
1GYKNDRS8MZ108870

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2025 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury AWD

24,238 miles

$37,897

Good Deal
Store transfer to Merrillville, IN
1,798 mi away • Price includes $1,899 shipping Price includes $1,899 shipping
Year:
2025
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Black
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
24,238
Stock number:
28550957
VIN:
1GYKNDRS1SZ118976

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Cadillac XT5

Luxury AWD

27,804 miles

$30,900

Good Deal
Barrington, IL
98 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
235 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Crystal White Tricoat
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Jet Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
27,804
Stock number:
PPN4188
VIN:
1GYKNBR47RZ701097

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury FWD

40,608 miles

$25,971

Great Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Hodgkins, IL
73 mi away
Year:
2023
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Wilder Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
40,608
Stock number:
250773A
VIN:
1GYKNCRS7PZ132771

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury FWD

41,467 miles

$25,795

Good Deal
Oak Lawn, IL
65 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Front-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Garnet Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
41,467
Stock number:
21274P
VIN:
1GYKNCRS2MZ139302

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury AWD

28,106 miles

$32,400

Good Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Schaumburg, IL
90 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Stellar Black Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
28,106
Stock number:
26117A
VIN:
1GYKNDRS2NZ154311

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2020 Cadillac XT5

Sport AWD

19,288 miles

$29,695

Good Deal
Hicksville, OH
96 mi away
Year:
2020
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Stellar Black Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
21 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Jet Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
19,288
Stock number:
ZC26024
VIN:
1GYKNGRS6LZ196916

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury AWD

74,212 miles

$19,793

Great Deal
Hicksville, OH
96 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
235 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Gray (Satin Steel Metallic)
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Jet Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
74,212
Stock number:
PC25369A
VIN:
1GYKNDR4XMZ156744

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Cadillac XT5

Premium Luxury AWD

41,291 miles

$31,990

Great Deal
Fishers, IN
95 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Argent Silver Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
41,291
Stock number:
FTC5875
VIN:
1GYKNDRS4RZ716585

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Cadillac XT5

Sport AWD

40,670 miles

$29,771

Great Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
Hodgkins, IL
73 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
310 hp 3.6L V6
Exterior color:
Stellar Black Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
22 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
40,670
Stock number:
K6500
VIN:
1GYKNGRS3NZ148759

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2024 Cadillac XT5

Luxury AWD

27,804 miles

$30,900

Good Deal
Barrington, IL
98 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Cadillac
Model:
XT5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
Four-Wheel Drive
Engine:
235 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Crystal White Tricoat
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Jet Black
Transmission:
9-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
27,804
Stock number:
PPN4188
VIN:
1GYKNBR47RZ701097

Sponsored

  1. Home
  2. / Used Cars
  3. / Cadillac XT5
  4. / Indiana
  5. / Knox
Overview
Reviews
FAQs

About the Cadillac XT5

Picture of Cadillac XT5

About the Cadillac XT5

The XT5 is Cadillac's next-smallest crossover SUV, slotting above the XT4 and below the XT6 in the automaker's lineup. The XT5 launched for the 2017 model year as the replacement for the Cadillac SRX. It hasn't been redesigned since its launch, and was last significantly updated for the 2020 model year.

What are the advantages of the Cadillac XT5?

  • Spacious cabin
  • Excellent value for money
  • Stylish design

What is the best Cadillac XT5 model year?

The XT5 hasn't changed much in its many years on sale. For the 2020 model year, Cadillac updated the infotainment system, introduced a new trim-level structure, and added a 2.0-liter turbocharged four-cylinder engine alongside the existing 3.6-liter naturally aspirated V6 without changing the rest of the car. The infotainment system introduced post-2020 is a bit easier to use, but other than that all XT5 model years are broadly similar.

What are the disadvantages of the Cadillac XT5?

  • Fairly pedestrian performance
  • Aging interior
  • Some trims have a harsh ride

Comparison: Is the Cadillac XT5 better than the Cadillac XT4?

The Cadillac XT5 is bigger and more SUV-like than the XT4. But as the entry-level model in Cadillac's lineup, the XT4 is also cheaper. The smaller Cadillac also gets a major update for the 2024 model year, so it will be more up-to-date than the XT5. At that point the main advantages of the XT5 will be space and a taller driving position.

Is the Cadillac XT5 a reliable car?

The 2023 Cadillac XT5 received a score of 82 out of 100 points in the J.D. Power consumer rankings. It tied with the Lincoln Nautilus for second place in the Midsize Premium SUV category, and was just one point behind the first-place Lexus GX and RX.

Is the Cadillac XT5 worth the cost?

Rival SUVs deliver a more luxurious experience than the Cadillac XT5, while the smaller XT4 feels fresher. So the XT5 isn't the most compelling offering in its market segment, or in the Cadillac SUV lineup.

4.7 Overall rating

(217 reviews)

Customers say

The Cadillac XT5 has proven to be a popular choice among owners for its luxurious comfort, stylish design, and smooth performance across all model years. Many appreciate the spacious interior and impressive sound systems, which enhance the overall driving experience. On the downside, some drivers wish for more power, better cargo space, and certain features like adjustable lumbar support. While the price point can be a concern for some, the XT5 is generally celebrated for its value and quality as a luxury vehicle.

AI generated from the text of customer reviews.

What people say

comfort interior performance safety sound system
Tim D
5.0
Reviewed a 2023 Cadillac XT5 on Nov 10, 2024

My first Cadillac, but saying that, I really like this model. It was basically like new with just over 23k miles on it. Love all of the options that the premium luxury comes with.

Stefanie S
5.0
Reviewed a 2019 Cadillac Premium Luxury FWD on Jul 19, 2024

Amazing car with all the features I was looking for. American made quality that I will be proud to drive for years to come!

Steve C
5.0
Reviewed a 2019 Cadillac Premium Luxury FWD on Jun 11, 2024

Great look, good value, awesome electronics, smooth ride, roomy inside, no exterior flaws

Anonymous
5.0
Reviewed a 2021 Cadillac Sport AWD on Dec 03, 2024

Replaced an 2016 Murano. The XT5 is what we had expected. Car was equipped with every option we were looking for, and then some.

Robert E
5.0
Reviewed a 2018 Cadillac FWD on Jan 19, 2025

I have no complaints love this ride. That's why I bought one. For the price you can't go wrong there are several models with more options than just the base. But the base is just as luxury as for quality.

Cadillac XT5 FAQs

How much does the Cadillac XT5 cost in Knox, IN?

The average Cadillac XT5 costs about $26,309.91. The average price has decreased by -2.9% since last year. The 346 for sale near Knox, IN on CarGurus, range from $10,138 to $56,495 in price.

How many Cadillac XT5 vehicles in Knox, IN have no reported accidents or damage?

343 out of 346 for sale near Knox, IN have no reported accidents or damage.

What fuel types are available?

Gasoline engines are available.

  • 2026 Cadillac XT5 in Knox IN

  • 2025 Cadillac XT5 in Knox IN

  • 2024 Cadillac XT5

  • 2023 Cadillac XT5

  • 2022 Cadillac XT5

  • 2021 Cadillac XT5

  • Used Cadillac XT5 for Sale Under $10,000 Near Knox

  • Used Cadillac XT5 for Sale Under $15,000 Near Knox

  • Used Cadillac XT5 for Sale Under $20,000 Near Knox

  • Used Cadillac XT5 for Sale Under $25,000 Near Knox

  • Used Cadillac XT5 for Sale Under $30,000 Near Knox

  • Used Cadillac XT5 for Sale Under $40,000 Near Knox

  • Used White Cadillac XT5 for Sale in Knox

  • Used Blue Cadillac XT5 for Sale in Knox

  • Used Red Cadillac XT5 for Sale in Knox

  • Used Black Cadillac XT5 for Sale in Knox

  • Used Silver Cadillac XT5 for Sale in Knox

  • Used Gray Cadillac XT5 for Sale in Knox

  • Cadillac XT5 Premium Luxury

  • Cadillac XT5 Premium Luxury

  • Cadillac XT5 Luxury

  • Cadillac XT5 Luxury

  • Cadillac XT5 Sport

  • Cadillac XT5 Base

  • Cadillac XT5 Platinum

  • Cadillac XT5 Base

  • Classic Muscle Cars for Sale in Knox IN

  • Cheap Muscle Cars for Sale in Knox IN

  • Affordable Luxury Cars For Sale in Knox IN

  • Used Luxury Cars for Sale in Knox IN

  • Used Cadillac XT5 for Sale with Low Mileage in Knox

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Low Mileage in Knox

  • New Cadillac XT5 in Knox IN

  • Certified Used Cadillac XT5 in Knox IN

  • Cadillac XT5 in South Bend IN

  • Cadillac XT5 in Kokomo IN

  • Cadillac XT5 in Lafayette IN

  • Cadillac XT5 in Chicago IL

  • Cadillac XT5 in Fort Wayne IN

  • Cadillac XT5 in Kalamazoo MI

  • Cadillac XT5 in Crawfordsville IN

  • Cadillac XT5 in Palatine IL

  • Cadillac XT5 in Aurora IL

  • All Used Cars

  • Manual Transmission Cars

  • Luxury Cars

  • Cars with Red Interior

  • Cheap Manual Cars

  • Hybrid Cars

  • Sports Cars

  • Electric SUVs

  • Cheap Trucks

  • Small Cars

  • Third Row SUVs

  • Three Quarter Ton Trucks

  • Lifted Trucks

  • Manual Transmission Trucks

  • Diesel Trucks

  • Hybrid SUVs

  • Dually Trucks

  • One Ton Trucks

  • Cheap SUVs

  • Lifted Ford Trucks

  • 4x4 Trucks

  • Work Trucks

  • AWD SUVs

  • Ford Trucks

  • Chevrolet Trucks

  • Toyota Trucks

  • Trucks Under $10,000

  • Cars Under $15,000

  • Sports Cars Under $20,000

  • Trucks Under $20,000

  • Used Sedans for Sale with Low Mileage in Knox

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Low Mileage in Knox

  • Used Hatchbacks for Sale with Low Mileage in Knox

  • Used Convertibles for Sale with Low Mileage in Knox

  • Used Vans for Sale with Low Mileage in Knox

  • Used Minivans for Sale with Low Mileage in Knox

  • Used Pickup Trucks for Sale with Low Mileage in Knox

  • Used Coupes for Sale with Low Mileage in Knox

  • Used Wagons for Sale with Low Mileage in Knox

Connect with us
Download our app
Download on the App Store Get it on Google Play
  • Company
  • About CarGurus
  • Our team
  • Press
  • Investor relations
  • Price trends
  • Careers
  • Advertise with CarGurus
  • For dealers
  • Dealer signup
  • Dealer resources
  • Terms
  • Terms of use
  • Privacy policy
  • Interest-based ads
  • Security
  • Help
  • Help center
  • Contact us
Click for the BBB Business Review of this Auto Listing Service in Cambridge MA
    • United States (EN)
    • Estados Unidos (ES)
    • Canada (EN)
    • Canada (FR)
    • United Kingdom

© 2026 CarGurus, Inc., All Rights Reserved.