CarGurus Logo Homepage Link
  • Buy
    • Used cars
    • New cars
    • Certified pre-owned
    • Start your purchase online
    • Dealerships near me
  • Sell
    • Sell my car
    • Sell my car FAQs
  • Finance
    • Prequalify for financing
    • How does it work?
    • Financing FAQs
  • Research
    • Test drive reviews
    • Price trends
    • Tips & advice
    • Electric cars
    • Compare cars
  • Discover
    The latest way to shop:
    smarter research, better
    listings.
  • Saved cars & searches
  • Sign in / Register
    • My account
    • Saved searches
    • Saved cars
    • Recommended cars
    • Browsing history
    • Financing dashboard
      • United States (EN)
      • Estados Unidos (ES)
      • Canada (EN)
      • Canada (FR)
      • United Kingdom

Used Audi Q5 for Sale near Hartford, CT

242 results
Hartford, CT
2022 Audi Q5 quattro Premium Plus 40 TFSI Blasius South

2022 Audi Q5

quattro Premium Plus 40 TFSI

38,915 miles

$25,998

Fair Deal
Stratford, CT
46 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
201 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Glacier White
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Brown (Atlas Beige)
Transmission:
7-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
38,915
Stock number:
X7459B
VIN:
WA1BBAFY4N2096114

Sponsored

2014 Audi Q5 2.0T quattro Premium Plus

2014 Audi Q5

2.0T quattro Premium Plus

160,577 miles

$6,999

Good Deal
Bethany, CT
30 mi away
Year:
2014
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
220 hp 2L I4 Flex Fuel Vehicle
Exterior color:
Monsoon Gray Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Flex Fuel Vehicle
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
160,577
Stock number:
AQ076228
VIN:
WA1LFAFPXEA076228

Sponsored

2022 Audi Q5 quattro Premium Plus S Line 45 TFSI

2022 Audi Q5

quattro Premium Plus S Line 45 TFSI

56,925 miles

$25,699

Fair Deal
Milford, CT
42 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
261 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
White
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Rock Gray
Transmission:
7-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
56,925
Stock number:
G037576C
VIN:
WA1EAAFY7N2056707

Sponsored

2024 Audi Q5 quattro Premium Plus S Line 45 TFSI

2024 Audi Q5

quattro Premium Plus S Line 45 TFSI

24,765 miles

$34,174

Great Deal
Torrington, CT
22 mi away
Year:
2024
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
261 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
White
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
7-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
24,765
Stock number:
N5342
VIN:
WA1EAAFY4R2001735

2022 Audi Q5 quattro Premium 40 TFSI

2022 Audi Q5

quattro Premium 40 TFSI

45,750 miles

$28,097

Fair Deal
Store transfer to Hartford, CT
269 mi away • Price includes $99 shipping Price includes $99 shipping
Year:
2022
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
201 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Black
Combined gas mileage:
26 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Brown (TAN)
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
45,750
Stock number:
27973424
VIN:
WA1ABAFY5N2098417

2021 Audi Q5 quattro Premium Plus 45 TFSI

2021 Audi Q5

quattro Premium Plus 45 TFSI

69,935 miles

$21,571

Good Deal
New London, CT
40 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
261 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Blue
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Gray
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
69,935
Stock number:
S2013326A
VIN:
WA1BAAFY0M2071521

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2012 Audi Q5

3.2 quattro Premium Plus

58,512 miles

$10,990

Good Deal
Canton, CT
13 mi away
Year:
2012
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
270 hp 3.2L V6
Exterior color:
Brilliant Black
Combined gas mileage:
20 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
58,512
VIN:
WA1DKAFP5CA019335

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2018 Audi Q5

2.0 TFSI quattro Premium Plus

112,871 miles

$12,999

Good Deal
Plantsville, CT
18 mi away
Year:
2018
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
252 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Florett Silver Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
25 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
112,871
Stock number:
204572
VIN:
WA1BNAFY4J2204572

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Audi Q5

quattro Premium Plus 45 TFSI

79,755 miles

$16,495

Great Deal
Naugatuck, CT
25 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
261 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Black
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
7-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
79,755
Stock number:
18687N
VIN:
WA1BAAFY0M2018687

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2025 Audi Q5

quattro Premium S Line 45 TFSI

9,561 miles

$40,998

Good Deal
Certified Pre-Owned
New London, CT
40 mi away
Year:
2025
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
261 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Silver
Combined gas mileage:
25 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
9,561
Stock number:
AD2459
VIN:
WA1GAAFY0S2022032

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2018 Audi Q5

53,139 miles

$18,750

Good Deal
North Haven, CT
26 mi away
Year:
2018
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Engine:
252 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Blue
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
53,139
Stock number:
C375176A
VIN:
WA1BNAFY9J2219164

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2015 Audi Q5

2.0T quattro Premium

83,058 miles

$10,995

Good Deal
Naugatuck, CT
25 mi away
Year:
2015
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
220 hp 2L I4 Flex Fuel Vehicle
Exterior color:
Brilliant Black
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Flex Fuel Vehicle
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
83,058
Stock number:
40968N
VIN:
WA1CFAFP0FA040968

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2016 Audi Q5

2.0T Premium Plus

114,646 miles

$10,995

Fair Deal
Plantsville, CT
18 mi away
Year:
2016
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
220 hp 2L I4 Flex Fuel Vehicle
Exterior color:
Moonlight Blue Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Flex Fuel Vehicle
Interior color:
Titanium Gray
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
114,646
Stock number:
x043763
VIN:
WA1L2AFP1GA043763

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2017 Audi Q5

2.0T quattro Premium

76,985 miles

$13,990

Good Deal
Middletown, CT
13 mi away
Year:
2017
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
220 hp 2L I4 Flex Fuel Vehicle
Exterior color:
Daytona Gray Pearl Effect
Combined gas mileage:
16 MPG
Fuel type:
Flex Fuel Vehicle
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
76,985
Stock number:
078643
VIN:
WA1C2AFPXHA078643

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Audi Q5

quattro Premium Plus S Line 45 TFSI

36,053 miles

$26,989

Good Deal
Brookfield, CT
43 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
261 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Glacier White
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
7-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
36,053
Stock number:
Z3944
VIN:
WA1EAAFY8N2052245

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Audi Q5

quattro Premium 45 TFSI

41,018 miles

$23,910

Good Deal
Branford, CT
33 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
261 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Gray Metallic
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
7-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
41,018
Stock number:
11397
VIN:
WA1AAAFYXM2061462

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2021 Audi Q5

quattro Premium 45 TFSI

81,767 miles

$19,497

Good Deal
East Hartford, CT
1 mi away
Year:
2021
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
261 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Gray Metallic
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
7-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
81,767
Stock number:
S2036028B
VIN:
WA1AAAFY8M2060293

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2018 Audi Q5

2.0 TFSI quattro Premium

105,066 miles

$11,995

Great Deal
Naugatuck, CT
25 mi away
Year:
2018
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
252 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Black
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Transmission:
7-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
105,066
Stock number:
71918N
VIN:
WA1ANAFY0J2071918

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2017 Audi Q5

2.0T quattro Premium Plus

109,544 miles

$11,999

Good Deal
Hartford, CT
2 mi away
Year:
2017
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
220 hp 2L I4 Flex Fuel Vehicle
Exterior color:
Moonlight Blue Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
16 MPG
Fuel type:
Flex Fuel Vehicle
Interior color:
Chestnut Brown
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
109,544
Stock number:
HA096079
VIN:
WA1M2AFP3HA096079

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2016 Audi Q5

2.0T Premium

108,060 miles

$9,800

Good Deal
Cheshire, CT
21 mi away
Year:
2016
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
220 hp 2L I4 Flex Fuel Vehicle
Exterior color:
Ibis White
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Flex Fuel Vehicle
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
8-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
108,060
Stock number:
HM3187
VIN:
WA1C2AFPXGA048444

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2016 Audi Q5

2.0T Premium Plus

90,408 miles

$11,395

Good Deal
Derby, CT
38 mi away
Year:
2016
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
220 hp 2L I4 Flex Fuel Vehicle
Exterior color:
Cuvee Silver Metallic
Combined gas mileage:
24 MPG
Fuel type:
Flex Fuel Vehicle
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
90,408
Stock number:
067383
VIN:
WA1L2AFP1GA067383

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2023 Audi Q5

quattro Premium S Line 45 TFSI

12,513 miles

$34,998

Good Deal
Store transfer to Hartford, CT
103 mi away • Price includes $0 shipping Price includes $0 shipping
Year:
2023
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
261 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Gray
Combined gas mileage:
25 MPG
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
Automatic
Mileage:
12,513
Stock number:
28124442
VIN:
WA1GAAFY0P2054664

Preparing for a close up...

Photos coming soon

2022 Audi Q5

quattro Premium 40 TFSI

44,938 miles

$25,491

Fair Deal
Bridgeport, CT
47 mi away
Year:
2022
Make:
Audi
Model:
Q5
Body type:
SUV / Crossover
Doors:
4 doors
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive
Engine:
201 hp 2L I4
Exterior color:
Ibis White
Fuel type:
Gasoline
Interior color:
Black
Transmission:
7-Speed Automatic
Mileage:
44,938
Stock number:
B25844T
VIN:
WA1ABAFY4N2114574

Sponsored

  1. Home
  2. / Used Cars
  3. / Audi Q5
  4. / Connecticut
  5. / Hartford
Overview
Reviews
FAQs

CarGurus recommends the 2022 Audi Q5

Picture of Audi Q5

Summary

  • With 2,767 currently listed for sale on CarGurus and an average price of $28,728.80, 37.3% of 2022 Audi Q5s for sale on CarGurus are rated as good or great deals.
  • Favorably reviewed: Owners rated the 2022 Audi Q5 5 / 5 stars.
  • 88.4% of 2022 Q5 models on CarGurus are accident free.
  • The 2022 Audi Q5 featured a spacious, high-quality interior with standard leather upholstery and advanced technology for an enhanced driving experience.

Why it stands out

The Audi Q5 stands out in the midsize SUV segment for its luxurious interior and impressive practicality, making it an excellent choice for buyers seeking both comfort and functionality. With standard quattro all-wheel drive and a range of efficient powertrains, including hybrid options, the Q5 delivers a smooth driving experience while ensuring versatility for everyday use. Additionally, even entry-level models come well-equipped with premium features, offering great value for those who appreciate quality in their vehicle.

Other model years to consider

The 2021 and 2018 Audi Q5 models stand out as excellent alternatives due to their strong user ratings and cost-effectiveness. The 2021 model, priced at an average of $23,970, offers a perfect user rating of 5/5 and has a substantial percentage of good deals available. Similarly, the 2018 model is attractively priced at approximately $16,967 and maintains a high user rating of 4.7/5, making it a great option for buyers looking for value without compromising on quality. Both years present solid purchase opportunities with favorable reviews from customers, reinforcing their appeal in the market.

Model years to approach with caution

When considering the Audi Q5 across various model years, pricing trends indicate that earlier models, such as the 2011 and 2012 versions, offer more budget-friendly options, with average prices around $8,000. However, these models also reflect a higher percentage of listings categorized as not good or great deals. The 2020 model presents a relatively higher price point and lower user rating compared to its predecessors, suggesting a potential shift in buyer preferences or vehicle performance.

These recommendations are based on CarGurus' proprietary market data from December 3, 2025, CarGurus experts' opinions, and generative AI.

4.6 Overall rating

(287 reviews)

Customers say

The Audi Q5 has consistently impressed drivers across its model years, noted for its luxurious interior, smooth performance, and advanced technology. Owners love the comfortable ride, spaciousness, and upscale feel, often highlighting its handling and performance as standout features. However, some concerns include limited cargo space, the need for premium gasoline in later models, and certain tech features being exclusive to higher trims, which some believe doesn't match its premium price point.

AI generated from the text of customer reviews.

What people say

cargo space comfort interior performance technology
Akash A
5.0
Reviewed a 2022 Audi Q5 on Dec 06, 2024

This car is amazing, was able to pick up a low mileage 2022 Prestige in 2024 for an amazing price! Original MSRP was 60K+ which seems overpriced... but the tech, the comfort, the ride, and the 0-60 in 5.5 seconds is a wonderful thing! Fully recommend this car.... NO REGRETS!

Michael R
5.0
Reviewed a 2014 Audi 2.0T quattro Premium Plus on Nov 13, 2024

Great value and fun to drive. This car is very fun to drive it handles well in town and on the highway. It gets great gas mileage being a 4cyl. But the turbo charged 2.0 provides plenty of torque and power to get up and go when needed.

Baxter D
5.0
Reviewed a 2018 Audi 2.0 TFSI quattro Premium Plus on Jan 12, 2025

Awesome vehicle, fits my needs perfectly. Sports utility luxury vehicle

Michael H
5.0
Reviewed a 2024 Audi Q5 on Jun 15, 2024

Smooth ride. Quiet interior. Great panoramic moon roof. Nice car.

Anonymous
5.0
Reviewed a 2023 Audi Q5 on Jan 03, 2024

Overall, I believe this Q5 provides value and is exactly what I was looking for. The 2023 Audi Q5 is my second Q5 and I’m sold on Audi and the quality engineering and technology.

Audi Q5 FAQs

How much does the Audi Q5 cost in Hartford, CT?

The average Audi Q5 costs about $24,708.17. The average price has decreased by -0.7% since last year. The 242 for sale near Hartford, CT on CarGurus, range from $5,950 to $53,977 in price.

Is the Audi Q5 a good car?

CarGurus experts gave the 2025 Audi Q5 an overall rating of 7.2/10 and Audi Q5 owners have rated the vehicle a 4.5/5 stars on average. If a vehicle has both strong expert and owner reviews, you can feel confident in its quality. If either expert reviews, owner reviews, or both are spotty, you might want to do some research to figure out where the car falls short.

How many Audi Q5 vehicles in Hartford, CT have no reported accidents or damage?

242 out of 242 for sale near Hartford, CT have no reported accidents or damage.

Is the Audi Q5 safe?

CarGurus experts gave the 2025 Audi Q5 a safety rating of 7/10.

What fuel types are available?

Diesel, Flex Fuel Vehicle, Gasoline engines are available.

  • 2025 Audi Q5 in Hartford CT

  • 2024 Audi Q5

  • 2023 Audi Q5 in Hartford CT

  • 2022 Audi Q5

  • 2021 Audi Q5

  • 2020 Audi Q5 in Hartford CT

  • Used Audi Q5 for Sale Under $10,000

  • Used Audi Q5 for Sale Under $15,000

  • Used Audi Q5 for Sale Under $20,000

  • Used Audi Q5 for Sale Under $25,000

  • Used Audi Q5 for Sale Under $30,000

  • Used Audi Q5 for Sale Under $40,000

  • Used White Audi Q5 for Sale

  • Used Blue Audi Q5 for Sale

  • Used Red Audi Q5 for Sale

  • Used Black Audi Q5 for Sale

  • Used Silver Audi Q5 for Sale

  • Used Gray Audi Q5 for Sale

  • Audi Q5 quattro Premium Plus S Line 45 TFSI

  • Audi Q5 quattro Premium S Line 45 TFSI

  • Audi Q5 2.0T quattro Premium Plus

  • Audi Q5 2.0 TFSI quattro Premium Plus

  • Audi Q5 quattro Premium Plus 45 TFSI

  • Audi Q5 quattro Premium Plus 40 TFSI

  • Audi Q5 quattro Premium 45 TFSI

  • Audi Q5 quattro Premium 40 TFSI

  • Audi Q5 2.0T Premium Plus

  • Audi Q5 2.0T quattro Premium

  • Used Audi Electric Cars for Sale

  • Affordable Luxury Cars For Sale in Hartford CT

  • Audi Coupes for Sale in Hartford CT

  • Used Luxury Cars for Sale in Hartford CT

  • Used Audi Q5 for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Low Mileage

  • New Audi Q5 in Hartford CT

  • Certified Used Audi Q5 in Hartford CT

  • Mercedes-Benz GLK in Hartford CT

  • Nissan Murano in Hartford CT

  • Volvo XC60 in Hartford CT

  • Audi Q5 in Chicopee MA

  • Audi Q5 in New Haven CT

  • Audi Q5 in Pittsfield MA

  • Audi Q5 in Worcester MA

  • Audi Q5 in Providence RI

  • Audi Q5 in Stamford CT

  • Audi Q5 in Holtsville NY

  • Audi Q5 in Newburgh NY

  • Audi Q5 in Brattleboro VT

  • All Used Cars

  • Manual Transmission Cars

  • Luxury Cars

  • Cars with Red Interior

  • Cheap Manual Cars

  • Hybrid Cars

  • Sports Cars

  • Electric SUVs

  • Cheap Trucks

  • Small Cars

  • Third Row SUVs

  • Three Quarter Ton Trucks

  • Lifted Trucks

  • Manual Transmission Trucks

  • Diesel Trucks

  • Hybrid SUVs

  • Dually Trucks

  • One Ton Trucks

  • Cheap SUVs

  • Lifted Ford Trucks

  • 4x4 Trucks

  • Work Trucks

  • AWD SUVs

  • Ford Trucks

  • Chevrolet Trucks

  • Toyota Trucks

  • Trucks Under $10,000

  • Cars Under $15,000

  • Sports Cars Under $20,000

  • Trucks Under $20,000

  • Used Sedans for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used SUVs / Crossovers for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Hatchbacks for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Convertibles for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Vans for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Minivans for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Pickup Trucks for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Coupes for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Used Wagons for Sale with Low Mileage

  • Hoffman Audi of New London

  • Hoffman Audi of East Hartford

Connect with us
Download our app
Download on the App Store Get it on Google Play
  • Company
  • About CarGurus
  • Our team
  • Press
  • Investor relations
  • Price trends
  • Careers
  • Advertise with CarGurus
  • For dealers
  • Dealer signup
  • Dealer resources
  • Terms
  • Terms of use
  • Privacy policy
  • Interest-based ads
  • Security
  • Help
  • Help center
  • Contact us
Click for the BBB Business Review of this Auto Listing Service in Cambridge MA
    • United States (EN)
    • Estados Unidos (ES)
    • Canada (EN)
    • Canada (FR)
    • United Kingdom

© 2025 CarGurus, Inc., All Rights Reserved.