Question of the Year! LR Discovery 2(Can't install battery..)

Any advice on next step would definitely be appreciated. Would this issue alone cause the negative terminal & cable to act this way? It's a new(April 2016)starter but taking it to local autoz to have tested wouldn't hurt? Thanks for your advice! Is a "direct short" internal or like wires on outside touching?

Try to follow the heavy negitive cable off the starter, tape the end so it won't ground then try to put the negitive cable back on your battery. If it doesnt happen, it should confirm my theory....

Sorry, that's the red positive cable at starter. Also follow the negitive cable off the battery, and disconnect it at the ground, and then attach it to battery....

When you say tape the end so it doesn't ground. I'm not fully sure what you mean. I am learning at a rapid pace. And once I completely understand ground(theory) I will never have to learn it again! I'm "thinking" you mean so the connection doesn't accidentally touch any other metal objects? Which makes perfect sense! Thanks soooo much for your teachings!

Excatally what I mean......Also......VERY IMPORANT.......IF YOUR NEGITIVE CABLE (BLACK) Srarks very much, and starts to melt.......tHE WHOLE DAMM BATTERY MAY HAVE A POSSIBLITY OF EXPLOIDIDG!!!!!!!!......Please be careful.....I would take it in after that at this point.......

So I reconnected everything to starter solenoid making sure wires aren't touching(things were to close befor). And Yes finally able to reconnect battery without sparking/welding! She started right up drove across street maybe 5/8min and looked under the hood and looks like smoke coming from oxygen sensor by same area and engine above is real hot aswell. Any ideas or to do's next? Thanks So Much!